Health Policy and Management, PhD

PhD Program Overview

The Department of Health Policy and Management offers a full-time PhD program with students choosing one of four areas of concentration in which to focus their study. The program trains its students to conduct original investigator-initiated research through a combination of coursework and research mentoring. The curriculum includes coursework that has been approved to meet the Introductory Public Health knowledge learning objectives, a set of core courses that is common across the four HPM PhD concentrations, along with courses specific to each individual concentration.

• The Bioethics and Health Policy concentration addresses the ethical issues relevant to public health policy, practice and research.
• The Health Economics and Policy concentration addresses the concepts and methods of economic analysis to study how clinical and public health resources are and should be allocated.
• The Health Services Research and Policy concentration addresses the organization, financing and delivery of both curative and preventive services, and their impact on access, quality, outcomes and cost, particularly for the most vulnerable.
• The Health and Public Policy concentration addresses the development, implementation, analysis, and evaluation of public policies to prevent disease and injury, reduce inequalities, and promote the health and quality of life of populations.

Concentration in Bioethics and Health Policy

Concentration Director: Brendan Saloner, PhD

The PhD concentration in Bioethics and Health Policy differs from most other bioethics doctoral programs in two important ways: first, it focuses on bioethics as it relates to moral questions in public health and health policy (rather than, for example, in clinical decision-making or bedside dilemmas); and, second, it provides rigorous training in quantitative and qualitative empirical research methods and expects the analysis of data to be part of the dissertation. Students and faculty in the concentration study and conduct independent empirical and normative research on ethical issues in public health practice, research, and policy such as: ethics and emergency preparedness, domestic and international research ethics, genetic screening policy, ethics and obesity prevention, ethics and infectious diseases, HIV screening, social justice and resource allocation.

Original doctoral research conducted by students in the bioethics program involves analyzing primary or secondary empirical data about specific areas of public health, health policy, of health research, and examining the ethical implications of the issue or study results. By the end of their PhD training, students are prepared to provide not only normative recommendations regarding ethics and public health policy but also are equipped to function as independent researchers, conducting empirical research related to bioethics, public health, and health policy.

Students in the Bioethics program complete the departmental core requirements, including courses in health policy, epidemiology and biostatistics. In addition, students in Bioethics also complete coursework in moral philosophy, applied bioethics and public health law. These requirements are satisfied, in part, through the Department of Philosophy of the Johns Hopkins University and Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University. Generally, course work is completed in the first two years of the program. Students are required by the concentration to have a normative ethics chapter in their thesis in addition to the other chapters traditionally required. Students completing the manuscript option for the PhD will have one of their manuscripts focus on the normative aspects of their selected issue or results.

Affiliated Faculty

Ruth Faden, PhD, MPH
Jeffrey Kahn, PhD, MPH
Nancy Kass, ScD
Maria Merritt, PhD
Brendan Saloner, PhD
Jeremy Sugarman, MD, MPH

Concentration in Health Economics and Policy

Concentration Director: Lauren Nicholas, PhD, MPP

Health economics is a field of study that applies the theoretical concepts an empirical methods of economic analysis to various issues throughout the health sector, such as understanding underlying patient, provider, and insurer behaviors and evaluating healthcare interventions and policies. The PhD concentration in Health Economics and Policy prepares doctoral students for conducting innovative research on the economics of health and healthcare.

The curriculum stresses a solid grounding in applied modern microeconomic theory, economic evaluation, quantitative methods, and econometrics applications, including PhD-level courses from the Department of Economics in the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences (KSAS). Incoming students must have prior training in linear algebra, multivariable calculus, and real analysis in preparation for the economics courses at KSAS. The curriculum offers a broad exposure to the health economics literature and public health disciplines and stresses the policy implications of these fields of research. Student research generally focuses on econometric analyses of hypotheses generated by economic theory or quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of various interventions.

affiliated faculty

Gerard Anderson, PhD
Emmanuel Drabo, PhD, MA
Matthew Eisenberg, PhD
Darrell Gaskin, PhD, MS
Lauren Nicholas, PhD, MPP
Daniel Polsky, PhD
Aditi Sen, PhD, MA

Concentration in Health and Public Policy

Concentration Director: Beth McGinty, PhD, MS

Finding solutions to public health problems through the development, analysis, implementation, and evaluation of health policies is the focus of the PhD concentration in Health and Public Policy. Faculty and students consider a broad array of public health policies that affect health and safety. These include policies pertaining to food, alcohol, tobacco, firearms, inequality, housing, injury, transportation, and the environment. Students examine challenging public health problems and learn how political, social, economic, ethical, and legal factors affect health, and how health policy can address these problems. Students acquire skills that enable them to conduct rigorous research to inform policy solutions, effectively translate their scholarly work to policy and practice, and emerge as leaders in public health policy.

Faculty employ an interdisciplinary approach to their teaching, research, and practice which is reflected by their backgrounds in medicine, epidemiology, political science, sociology, law, environmental health, and the risk sciences. Through coursework, research, and practice, students across the concentration gain an understanding of the relationship between health and policy.

Within this concentration, students may focus their elective and dissertation studies in one of the following areas: environmental and occupational health policy, injury prevention and control, social policy and health, and the practice of prevention. Students typically select a focus by the end of their first year in the program; other focus areas may be developed in consultation with each student's adviser and concentration director.

Affiliated Faculty

Colleen Barry, PhD, MPP
Thomas Burke, PhD, MPH
Renan Castillo, PhD, MS
Cassandra Crifasi, PhD
Emmanuel Drabo, PhD, MA
Johnathan P. Ehsani, PhD
Chanee Fabius, PhD, MA
Mary Fox, PhD, MPH
Shannon Frattaroli, PhD, MPH
Beth McGinty, PhD, MS
Alyssa Moran, ScD, MPH
Vincente Navarro, MD, DrPH
Sandra Newman, PhD
Craig Pollack, MD, MHS
Keshia Pollack Porter, PhD, MPH
Lainie Rutkow, PhD, JD, MPH (on leave)
Brendan Saloner, PhD
Leiyu Shi, DrPH, MBA, MPA
Jon Vernick, JD, MPH
Daniel Webster, ScD, MPH

Concentration in Health Services Research & Policy

Concentration Director: Sydney Dy, MD, MSc

The PhD concentration in Health Services Research and Policy provides a firm grounding in public health principles, research and evaluation methods, policy analysis and numerous content areas related to health and health services delivery and population health. The program at Johns Hopkins is one of the oldest and most respected of its type in the nation.

In this concentration, students acquire the conceptual and methodological tools needed to conduct research, program evaluation, and policy analysis and synthesis to advance the state of knowledge. The curriculum emphasizes the following areas: public and private sector health insurance and financing, organization and delivery of health care, methods for measuring and improving quality and safety of medical care, methods to measure personal and population health status, methods for assessing the impact of government health care policy on individuals and populations, and patient-centered outcomes research and comparative effectiveness research methods for assessing the impact of technology and treatments on patient outcomes. Emphasis is placed on special need populations, such as older adults, minorities, persons with mental illness and substance abuse, high burden diseases, and disabilities.

The concentration stresses the development of skills in research and analysis methods, as well as content knowledge. In addition to careers in academia, this concentration prepares students for leadership careers as health services researchers and health care policy analysts working in public or private agencies or organizations. Issues of relevance to the U.S. are emphasized. All students in the concentration will be exposed to a broad array of methods and content. In addition, it is expected that all students will select at least one methods sub-area (e.g., econometrics, advanced statistical methods, informatics, or qualitative analysis). It is also expected that all students will develop expertise in one or more content areas.

There are many research opportunities within the Department and elsewhere within the University and Health System. The Baltimore-Washington area is the home to the largest concentration of public and private health services research and health care policy analysis organizations in the world. Formal and informal relationships with these agencies, including research practicums, thesis collaborations, and internships are encouraged and facilitated.

Affiliated faculty

Gerard Anderson, PhD
Renan Castillo, PhD, MS
Emmanuel Drabo, PhD
Sydney Dy, MD, MSc
Chanee Fabius, PhD
Darrell Gaskin, PhD, MS
Hadi Kharrazi, MD, PhD
Judith Kasper, PhD
Jill Marsteller, PhD, MPP
Laura Morlock, PhD
Lauren Nicholas, PhD, MPP
Lisa Reider, PhD
Jonathan Weiner, DrPH
Jennifer Wolff, PhD, MHS
Albert W. Wu, MD, MPH

PhD Program Milestones and Timeline

The following is an estimated timeline for PhD students based on the average length of the program. This timeline may change based on individual circumstances.

Year 1 Milestones
Complete 1st year required coursework Complete TA training Complete PhD qualifying exam
Year 2 Milestones
Complete 2nd year required and elective coursework Meet with adviser regarding independent research plan and proposal Satisfy department's research hours requirement Satisfy department's TA requirement
Year 3 Milestones
Defend research proposal at Departmental and School-wide Oral Exams Identify Thesis Advisory Committee
Year 4 Milestones
Meet with Thesis Advisory Committee Complete thesis research Defend and graduate

Program Requirements

Course location and modality is found on the JHSPH website.

Concentration in Bioethics and Health Policy Curriculum

Plan of Study Grid

First Year		Credits
Summer Term
PH.550.860	Academic & Research Ethics at JHSPH
XXX.XXX	Introduction to Online Learning
XXX.XXX	Title IX and Harassment Prevention Training for Students
	Credits	0
First Term
Required
PH.140.621	Statistical Methods in Public Health I 1	4
PH.300.721	Foundations in Health Policy I 1	2
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
PH.340.721	Epidemiologic Inference in Public Health I 1	5
PH.700.603	Introduction to Ethical Theory	3
PH.552.601	Foundational Principles of Public Health 1	.5
PH.552.612	Essentials of One Health 1	.5
XXX.XXX	Health Policy/Public Health Elective
	Credits	16
Second Term
Required
PH.140.622	Statistical Methods in Public Health II	4
PH.300.722	Foundations in Health Policy II 1	2
PH.306.655	Ethical Issues in Public Health	3
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
PH.552.608	Biologic, Genetic and Infectious Bases of Human Disease 1	.5
PH.552.611	Globalization and Population Health 1	.5
XXX.XXX	Health Policy/Public Health Elective
	Credits	11
Third Term
Required
PH.140.623	Statistical Methods in Public Health III	4
PH.300.715	Advanced Research and Evaluation Methods in Health Policy 1	4
PH.300.723	Foundations in Health Policy III 1	2
PH.306.650	Public Health and the Law	3
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
PH.552.607	Essentials of Environmental Health 1	.5
PH.552.609	Psychological and Behavioral Factors That Affect A Population's Health 1	.5
	Credits	15
Fourth Term
Required
PH.140.624	Statistical Methods in Public Health IV	4
PH.300.724	Foundations in Health Policy IV	1
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
PH.700.644	Justice Theory and Health	3
XXX.XXX	Health Policy/Public Health Elective
	Credits	9
Second Year
First Term
Required
PH.300.741	PhD Seminar in Health Policy: Using Secondary Data to Conduct Health Policy Research	1
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	5-8
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
XXX.XXX	Moral and/or Political Philosophy Elective
XXX.XXX	Advanced Bioethics Course
	Credits	7-10
Second Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	5-8
PH.300.870	The Research and Proposal Writing Process I	2
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
XXX.XXX	Moral and/or Political Philosophy Elective
XXX.XXX	Advanced Bioethics Course
	Credits	8-11
Third Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	5-8
PH.300.871	The Research and Proposal Writing Process II	2
PH.306.665	Research Ethics and integrity: U.S. and International Issues
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
XXX.XXX	Moral and/or Political Philosophy Elective
XXX.XXX	Advanced Bioethics Course
	Credits	8-11
Fourth Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	5-8
PH.306.861	Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics	1
XXX.XXX	Moral and/or Political Philosophy Elective
XXX.XXX	Advanced Bioethics Course
	Credits	6-9
	Total Credits	80-92

1	Course meets one or more CEPH learning objectives.

Once students have completed all of the required and elective coursework, they must maintain a full-time registration (12+ credits per term) for the duration of their program. Students who have not yet passed the school-wide oral exam should register for 12 credits of PH.300.840 Special Studies and Research in HPM with their adviser to work on their thesis proposal. Once a student has passed the school-wide oral exam, they should register for PH.301.820 Thesis Research in Health Policy and Management.

Graduate Seminar in Bioethics

The PH.306.861 Graduate Doctoral Seminar in Bioethics generally alternates each week with the Berman Institute biweekly public seminar. Students are expected to attend both the Graduate Seminar in Bioethics and Berman Institute Seminar to fulfill their graduate seminar requirement. The Graduate Seminar in Bioethics is intended to give PhD students in the bioethics concentration the opportunity to meet and hear about the scholarship of bioethics faculty, to present and discuss student works-in-progress and to engage in directed reading books or articles. Students are expected to participate in the graduate seminar during their first two years of the program and are strongly encouraged to participate as much as their schedule allows in subsequent years of the program.

Moral or Political Philosophy and Advanced Bioethics Course Requirement

All students in the bioethics concentration are required to take a total of six JHSPH terms or three Homewood/Georgetown semester-length courses (or some combination of the two) in moral or political philosophy and advanced bioethics for a total of 15 course credits. Moral and political philosophy course offerings at Homewood and Georgetown are semester-long (5 credits; equivalent to two SPH academic terms). Specific course offerings differ each year and term. Advanced bioethics course offerings are available through the Masters in Bioethics program (MBe courses offered in E. Baltimore) or through Homewood or Georgetown. Students must complete one moral or political philosophy course at Homewood/Georgetown and one advanced bioethics course at Homewood/Georgetown or two MBe courses and can choose to complete the additional semester or 2 SPH terms in either moral/political philosophy or advanced bioethics to complete the requirement.

Option 1:	Option 2:
Moral Philosophy Course at Homewood (5)	Moral Philosophy at Homewood (5)
Advanced Bioethics at Georgetown (5)	Advanced Bioethics MBe (3)
Political Philosophy at Homewood (5)	Advanced Bioethics MBe (2)
	Advanced Bioethics MBe (3)
	Advanced Bioethics MBe (2)

Generally these requirements are completed during the second year of the program. Examples of courses that have fulfilled these requirements in the past are available from the concentration director. Many courses may fulfill the moral philosophy or advanced bioethics course requirement and should be selected in consultation with the adviser and concentration director. 

Special Thesis Requirements

Students in the bioethics concentration are welcome to write either a traditional thesis or a manuscript thesis. Additional guidelines for the thesis for students enrolled in the Bioethics and Health Policy concentration can be obtained from the Bioethics concentration director.

Concentration in Health Economics and Policy Curriculum

Plan of Study Grid

First Year		Credits
Summer Term
PH.550.860	Academic & Research Ethics at JHSPH
XXX.XXX	Introduction to Online Learning
XXX.XXX	Title IX and Harassment Prevention Training for Students
	Credits	0
First Term
First Term
PH.140.651	Methods in Biostatistics I 1	4
AS.180.600	General Equilibrium Theory 3	3
AS.180.609	Core Mathematics for Economics 2, 3	3
PH.300.721	Foundations in Health Policy I 1	2
PH.552.601	Foundational Principles of Public Health 1	.5
PH.552.612	Essentials of One Health 1	.5
	Credits	13
Second Term
PH.140.652	Methods in Biostatistics II	4
AS.180.601	Consumer & Producer Theory 3	3
PH.300.722	Foundations in Health Policy II 1	2
PH.552.608	Biologic, Genetic and Infectious Bases of Human Disease 1	.5
PH.552.611	Globalization and Population Health 1	.5
XXX.XXX	Elective
	Credits	10
Third Term
PH.140.653	Methods in Biostatistics III	4
PH.140.664	Causal Inference in Medicine and Public Health I	4
AS.180.695	Microeconomic Theory Workshop	3
PH.300.715	Advanced Research and Evaluation Methods in Health Policy 1	4
PH.300.723	Foundations in Health Policy III 1	2
PH.552.607	Essentials of Environmental Health 1	.5
PH.552.609	Psychological and Behavioral Factors That Affect A Population's Health 1	.5
	Credits	18
Fourth Term
PH.140.654	Methods in Biostatistics IV	4
AS.180.695	Microeconomic Theory Workshop 3	3
PH.300.724	Foundations in Health Policy IV	1
XXX.XXX	Elective
In addition to meeting the requirements for Satisfactory Academic Progress as defined by the Department of Health Policy and Management, students in the Health Economics concentration must complete the first-year KSAS Microeconomic sequence with a minimum grade of "B."
	Credits	8
Second Year
First Term
PH.300.741	PhD Seminar in Health Policy: Using Secondary Data to Conduct Health Policy Research	1
PH.309.716	Advanced Methods in Health Services Research: Analysis	3
PH.313.653	Advanced Health Economics I	2
PH.340.721	Epidemiologic Inference in Public Health I 1	5
XXX.XXX	Electives
	Credits	11
Second Term
PH.300.870	The Research and Proposal Writing Process I	2
PH.313.654	Advanced Health Economics II	2
XXX.XXX	Electives
	Credits	4
Third Term
PH.221.644	Econometric Methods for Evaluation of Health Programs	4
PH.306.665	Research Ethics and integrity: U.S. and International Issues	3
PH.313.655	Advanced Health Economics III	2
XXX.XXX	Electives
	Credits	9
Fourth Term
PH.309.720	Applied Econometrics for Health Policy Research	3
PH.313.656	Advanced Health Economics IV	2
PH.300.871	The Research and Proposal Writing Process II	2
XXX.XXX	Electives
	Credits	7
	Total Credits	80

1	Course meets one or more CEPH learning objectives.
2	Core Mathematics for Economics meets for 2 weeks in Summer Term and once weekly in Term 1.
3	KSAS courses follow a semester schedule, and overlap multiple SPH terms. Please see JHU policy on multi-term courses for more information.

Electives

Students should choose electives in consultation with the Concentration Director and their academic adviser to ensure adequate preparation for departmental exams. Names and availability of Homewood classes subject to change. Mathematical Methods requirement waived when Homewood does not offer the class. Electives must include at least one PhD-level KSAS economics field course.

All students are encouraged to choose from the following courses for their elective options, including at least one of the KSAS Applied Economics courses:

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Health Economics Courses
PH.221.617	Behavioral Economics in Health Decisions	2
PH.221.652	Financing Health Systems for Universal Health Coverage	3
PH.380.756	Poverty, Economic Development, and Health	4
Applied Economics Courses
AS.180.371	Industrial Organization	3
AS.180.611	Economics of Uncertainty
AS.180.622	Game Theory
AS.180.632	Topics in Applied Microeconometrics
AS.180.651	Labor Economics I
AS.180.694	Applied Microeconomics Workshop
Outcomes and Evaluation Courses
PH.309.712	Assessing Health Status and Patient Outcomes	3
PH.311.615	Quality of Medical Care	3
PH.340.606	Methods for Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses	4
PH.340.722	Epidemiologic Inference in Public Health II	4
PH.340.620	Principles of Clinical Epidemiology	2
Biostatistics Courses
PH.140.641	Survival Analysis	3
PH.140.655	Analysis of Longitudinal Data	4
PH.140.656	Multilevel Statistical Models in Public Health	4
PH.140.664	Causal Inference in Medicine and Public Health I	4
PH.140.655	Analysis of Longitudinal Data	4

Once students have completed all of the required and elective coursework, they must maintain a full-time registration (12+ credits per term) for the duration of their program. Students who have not yet passed the school-wide oral exam should register for 12 credits of PH.300.840 Special Studies and Research in HPM with their adviser to work on their thesis proposal; once a student has passed the school-wide oral exam, they should register for PH.301.820 Thesis Research in Health Policy and Management.

Health Economics and Policy Comprehensive Exam

Students take a comprehensive exam in health economics and policy at the conclusion of their second year. The exam has a written component and an oral component. For the written component, students are provided with a brief summary of a specific topic and given two days to write a seven-page, single-spaced research proposal on that topic which draws on the broad theoretical and empirical literature in health economics. For the oral component, students have an hour-long meeting with members of the economics faculty one to two weeks after the written exam to answer questions related to their specific written proposal and their general health economics knowledge. Students receive a copy of the prior year's written exam in advance in order to become familiar with the exam format.

The exam must be completed during the summer between second and third year at a time that is mutually convenient for students sitting for the exam and the faculty exam committee. In order to pass the exam, students must exhibit mastery of theory and methods in both the written and oral portions of the exam. If a student does not pass the comprehensive exam, a single retake is allowed; both the written and oral exams must be completed by the end of the second term in the third year.

Students who do not pass the health economics and policy comprehensive exam on the first attempt must meet with members of the exam committee to determine areas of weakness and create a plan approved by their adviser and the Health Economics and Policy Concentration Director. Students who fail the exam a second time will not be eligible to remain in the Health Economics and Policy Concentration. In exceptional circumstances, a student who has failed the exam a second time may request a transfer to a different HPM PhD Concentration. The student must formally apply and be admitted by the new concentration.

Health Economics and Policy Oral Exam Committee composition

Dissertations in health economics and policy require specialized expertise in econometrics and economic theory. To ensure that students will have access to appropriate advising, the list of proposed committee members for the department and school-wide oral exams must be approved by the Health Economics Concentration Director. Students wishing to change primary advisers after the department or school-wide preliminary oral exam must obtain permission from the Health Economics Concentration Director and the Department chair.

Concentration in Health and Public Policy Curriculum

Plan of Study Grid

First Year		Credits
Summer Term
PH.550.860	Academic & Research Ethics at JHSPH
XXX.XXX	Introduction to Online Learning
XXX.XXX	Title IX and Harassment Prevention Training for Students
	Credits	0
First Term
Required
PH.140.621	Statistical Methods in Public Health I 1	4
PH.300.721	Foundations in Health Policy I 1	2
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
PH.340.721	Epidemiologic Inference in Public Health I 1	5
PH.552.601	Foundational Principles of Public Health 1	.5
PH.552.607	Essentials of Environmental Health 1	.5
PH.552.609	Psychological and Behavioral Factors That Affect A Population's Health 1	.5
PH.552.612	Essentials of One Health 1	.5
Recommended
PH.317.600	Introduction to the Risk Sciences and Public Policy	4
	Credits	18
Second Term
Required
PH.140.622	Statistical Methods in Public Health II	4
PH.300.712	Formulating Policy: Strategies and Systems of Policymaking in the 21st Century	3
PH.300.722	Foundations in Health Policy II 1	2
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
PH.552.608	Biologic, Genetic and Infectious Bases of Human Disease 1	.5
PH.552.611	Globalization and Population Health 1	.5
Recommended
PH.410.668	Policy Interventions for Health Behavior Change	3
	Credits	14
Third Term
Required
PH.140.623	Statistical Methods in Public Health III	4
PH.300.715	Advanced Research and Evaluation Methods in Health Policy 1	4
PH.300.723	Foundations in Health Policy III 1	2
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
PH.306.650	Public Health and the Law	3
Recommended
PH.305.684	Health Impact Assessment	3
PH.313.641	Introduction to Health Economics	3
	Credits	20
Fourth Term
Required
PH.140.624	Statistical Methods in Public Health IV	4
PH.300.724	Foundations in Health Policy IV	1
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
Recommended
PH.300.652	Politics of Health Policy	4
PH.301.645	Health Advocacy	3
	Credits	13
Second Year
First Term
Required
PH.300.741	PhD Seminar in Health Policy: Using Secondary Data to Conduct Health Policy Research	1
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	14
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
	Credits	16
Second Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	11
PH.300.870	The Research and Proposal Writing Process I	2
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
Recommended
PH.318.623	Social Policy for Vulnerable Populations in the U.S.	3
PH.550.601	Implementation Research and Practice	3
	Credits	20
Third Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	12
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
PH.306.665	Research Ethics and integrity: U.S. and International Issues
Recommended
PH.300.650	Crisis and Response in Public Health Policy and Practice	3
PH.300.750	Teaching, Learning and Leading – in the Classroom, in the Workplace and in the Community	3
PH.410.672	Introduction to Campaigning & Organizing for Public Health	3
	Credits	22
Fourth Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	13
PH.300.871	The Research and Proposal Writing Process II	2
PH.301.861	Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy	1
	Credits	16
	Total Credits	139

1	Course meets one or more CEPH learning objectives.

Once students have completed all of the required and elective coursework, they must maintain a full-time registration (12+ credits) for the duration of the program. Students who have not yet passed the school-wide oral exam should register for 12 credits of PH.300.840 Special Studies and Research in HPM with their adviser to work on their thesis proposal. Once a student has passed the school-wide oral exam, they should register for PH.301.820 Thesis Research in Health Policy and Management. Students are also encouraged to engage in a field-based practicum as part of their doctoral education.

Distributional Methods Course Requirements

During the second year, students complete at least two of the methods courses below (equaling at least 6 credits) in one of the following domains. The intent of this distributional methods requirement is to allow the student to develop a special area of methods expertise. Alternative methods courses require approval from the concentration director and the student's adviser. Note that, unless they are listed below, prerequisites for methods courses do not count towards the distributional methods requirement.

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Social and Behavioral Methods
PH.140.658	Statistics for Psychosocial Research: Structural Models	4
PH.330.657	Statistics for Psychosocial Research: Measurement	4
Design and Conduct of Population-Based Surveys
PH.140.640	Statistical Methods for Sample Surveys	3
PH.340.717	Health Survey Research Methods	4
PH.380.712	Methods in Analysis of Large Population Surveys	3
Qualitative Research Methods
PH.224.690	Qualitative Research Theory and Methods	3
PH.224.691	Qualitative Data Analysis	3
PH.410.710	Concepts in Qualitative Research for Social and Behavioral Sciences	3
Key Advanced Methods for Policy Research
PH.140.655	Analysis of Longitudinal Data	4
PH.140.656	Multilevel Statistical Models in Public Health	4
PH.140.665	Causal Inference in Medicine and Public Health II	3
PH.140.698	Spatial Analysis III: Spatial Statistics	4
PH.221.651	Econometrics I	4
PH.221.660	Systems Science in Public Health: Basic Modeling and Simulation Methods	3
PH.309.716	Advanced Methods in Health Services Research: Analysis	3
PH.309.720	Applied Econometrics for Health Policy Research	3

Graduate Seminar in Health and Public Policy

Students are expected to participate in the graduate seminar during their first three years of the program and are strongly encouraged to participate as much as their schedule allows in subsequent years of the program.

Specialty Areas

Students in Health and Public Policy may choose specialized areas identified to help students focus their electives in such a way as to best provide the background needed for their dissertation work. Those interested in taking additional graduate level coursework in policy or research methods for the social sciences, as part of their electives requirement, should consider courses offered at the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences (KSAS) and at the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS).

Environmental and Occupational Health Policy

Factors in the human environment that affect health require a multidisciplinary approach for evaluation. Environmental and Occupational Health Policy integrates courses from the Departments of Epidemiology, Environmental Health and Engineering, and Health Policy and Management to provide a foundation for the application of science to occupational and environmental policy. Evaluation, development and refinement of policies at local, state, federal and international levels are emphasized.

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Strongly Recommended
PH.180.601	Environmental Health	5
PH.180.628	Introduction To Environmental and Occupational Health Law	4
PH.187.610	Public Health Toxicology	4
PH.317.600	Introduction to the Risk Sciences and Public Policy	4
PH.317.605	Methods in Quantitative Risk Assessment	4
PH.317.610	Risk Policy, Management and Communication	3
PH.317.615	Topics in Risk Assessment	2
PH.340.680	Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology	4
Additional Options
PH.180.631	Environmental and Occupational Health Policy Seminar	3
PH.182.623	Occupational Health Management	3
PH.182.625	Principles of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene	4
PH.182.640	Food- and Water- Borne Diseases	3
PH.188.694	Health of Vulnerable Worker Populations	3
PH.305.615	Occupation Injury Prevention and Safety Policy and Practice	2

Injury Prevention and Control

In conjunction with the Center for Injury Research and Policy, students focus on injuries of all types, including road traffic injuries, falls, burns, drowning and violence. The epidemiology of these injuries is assessed, and strategies to prevent injuries are formulated, implemented, and evaluated. Students who focus their electives in this area may also decide to complete the Certificate in Injury and Violence Prevention.

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Strongly Recommended
PH.221.612	Confronting the Burden of Injuries: A Global Perspective	3
PH.301.627	Understanding and Preventing Violence	3
PH.305.610	Issues in Injury and Violence Prevention	2
PH.305.615	Occupation Injury Prevention and Safety Policy and Practice	2
PH.305.630	Transportation Policy and Health	2
PH.305.861	Graduate Seminar in Injury Research and Policy	1
PH.330.640	Childhood Victimization: A Public Health Perspective	3
PH.330.674	Suicide As A Public Health Problem	3
PH.410.625	Injury and Violence Prevention: Behavior Change Strategies	2

Social Policy and Health

Social policy and health examines how social policies influence public health and/or the relationship between healthcare policy and other social policies.

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Strongly Recommended
PH.305.630	Transportation Policy and Health	2
PH.308.610	The Political Economy of Social inequalities and Its Consequences for Health and Quality of Life	3
PH.318.623	Social Policy for Vulnerable Populations in the U.S.	3
PH.318.636	Urban Policy	3
PH.410.611	Under Pressure: Health, Wealth & Poverty	3
Additional Elective Options
PH.221.650	Health Policy Analysis in Low and Middle income Countries	3
PH.300.650	Crisis and Response in Public Health Policy and Practice	3
PH.301.615	Seminar in Health Disparities	3
PH.302.610	State Healthcare Policy	3
PH.309.670	Comparative Health insurance	3
PH.306.660	Legal and Public Health Issues in the Regulation of intimacy	3
PH.308.650	Public Health Perspectives on U.S. Drug Policy	3
PH.313.620	Introduction to Behavioral Economics: Theory and Practice	3
PH.340.666	Foundations of Social Epidemiology	3
PH.410.663	Media Advocacy and Public Health: Theory and Practice	3
PH.410.668	Policy Interventions for Health Behavior Change	3
PH.410.672	Introduction to Campaigning & Organizing for Public Health	3
PH.410.721	Translating Research into Public Health Programs and Policy	3
PH.410.722	Translating Research into Public Health Programs II	2

Practice of Prevention

The practice of prevention examines specific public health problems such as AIDS, tobacco, obesity, and violence and develops strategies for addressing problems through traditional and innovative policies.

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Strongly Recommended
PH.410.721	Translating Research into Public Health Programs and Policy	3
PH.410.722	Translating Research into Public Health Programs II	2
PH.550.601	Implementation Research and Practice	3
Additional Elective Options
PH.300.650	Crisis and Response in Public Health Policy and Practice	3
PH.301.645	Health Advocacy	3
PH.305.684	Health Impact Assessment	3
PH.340.683	Human Rights in Public Health Practice	2
PH.410.672	Introduction to Campaigning & Organizing for Public Health	3

Concentration in Health Services Research & Policy Curriculum

Plan of Study Grid

First Year		Credits
Summer Term
PH.550.860	Academic & Research Ethics at JHSPH
XXX.XXX	Introduction to Online Learning
XXX.XXX	Title IX and Harassment Prevention Training for Students
	Credits	0
First Term
Required
PH.140.651 or PH.140.621	Methods in Biostatistics I 1 or Statistical Methods in Public Health I	4
PH.300.721	Foundations in Health Policy I 1	2
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
PH.311.615	Quality of Medical Care	3
PH.340.721	Epidemiologic Inference in Public Health I 1	5
PH.552.601	Foundational Principles of Public Health	.5
PH.552.612	Essentials of One Health	.5
Recommended
PH.312.693	Introduction to Comparative Effectiveness and Outcomes Research	3
PH.309.600	Evaluating Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Programs	3
	Credits	22
Second Term
Required
PH.140.652 or PH.140.622	Methods in Biostatistics II or Statistical Methods in Public Health II	4
PH.300.722	Foundations in Health Policy II 1	2
PH.309.712	Assessing Health Status and Patient Outcomes	3
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
PH.313.643	Health Economics	3
PH.552.608	Biologic, Genetic and Infectious Bases of Human Disease 1	.5
PH.552.611	Globalization and Population Health 1	.5
Recommended
PH.301.615	Seminar in Health Disparities	3
PH.309.605	Health Issues for Aging Populations	3
PH.313.601	Economic Evaluation I	3
	Credits	23
Third Term
Required
PH.140.653 or PH.140.623	Methods in Biostatistics III or Statistical Methods in Public Health III	4
PH.300.723	Foundations in Health Policy III	2
PH.300.715	Advanced Research and Evaluation Methods in Health Policy 1	4
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
PH.309.620	Managed Care and Health insurance	3
PH.552.607	Essentials of Environmental Health 1	.5
PH.552.609	Psychological and Behavioral Factors That Affect A Population's Health 1	.5
Recommended
PH.309.730	Patient Safety and Medical Errors	3
PH.313.644	Intermediate Health Economics	3
PH.313.602	Economic Evaluation II	3
PH.221.651	Econometrics I	4
	Credits	28
Fourth Term
Required
PH.140.654 or PH.140.624	Methods in Biostatistics IV or Statistical Methods in Public Health IV	4
PH.300.724	Foundations in Health Policy IV	1
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
PH.309.635	Population Health: Analytic Methods and Visualization Techniques	3
Recommended
PH.140.665	Causal Inference in Medicine and Public Health II	3
PH.308.630	U.S. Pharmaceutical Policy	3
PH.300.651	Introduction to the U.S. Healthcare System	4
	Credits	19
Second Year
First Term
Required
PH.300.741	PhD Seminar in Health Policy: Using Secondary Data to Conduct Health Policy Research	1
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	12
PH.309.716	Advanced Methods in Health Services Research: Analysis	3
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
	Credits	17
Second Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	12
PH.300.870	The Research and Proposal Writing Process I	2
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
	Credits	15
Third Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	12
PH.306.655	Ethical Issues in Public Health	3
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
Recommended
PH.300.750	Teaching, Learning and Leading – in the Classroom, in the Workplace and in the Community	3
	Credits	19
Fourth Term
Required
PH.300.840	Special Studies and Research in HPM	12
PH.300.871	The Research and Proposal Writing Process II	2
PH.309.861	Graduate Seminar in Health Services Research and Policy	1
	Credits	15
	Total Credits	158

1	Course meets one or more CEPH-defined learning objectives.

Distributional Methods

During the second year, students will complete at least two of the methods courses below (equaling at least 6 credits) in one of the following domains. The intent of this distributional methods requirement is to allow the student to develop a special area of methods expertise. Approval for alternative methods courses will require approval from the program director and the student's adviser. Students are also encouraged to familiarize themselves with the School's certificate programs, which can be combined with the PhD degree (and which, in the case of methods-oriented certificates, would in most cases meet the distributional requirements), particularly the Quality, Gerontology and Pharmacoepidemiology certificates.

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
Qualitative Research Methods
PH.224.690	Qualitative Research Theory and Methods	3
PH.224.691	Qualitative Data Analysis	3
PH.224.697	Qualitative Research Practicum I: Partnerships and Protocol Development	2
PH.224.698	Qualitative Research Practicum II: Collecting Qualitative Data	2
PH.224.699	Qualitative Research Practicum III: Analyzing and Writing Qualitative Findings	2
Or
PH.410.710	Concepts in Qualitative Research for Social and Behavioral Sciences	3
PH.410.712	Theory and Practice in Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation for The Social and Behavioral Sciences	3
Additional Qualitative Courses
PH.224.863	Doctoral Seminar in Research Methods in Applied Medical Anthropology I	4
PH.224.864	Doctoral Seminar in Research Methods in Applied Medical Anthropology II	4
PH.410.690	Ethnographic Fieldwork	3
Economic Evaluation
PH.313.601	Economic Evaluation I	3
PH.313.602	Economic Evaluation II	3
PH.313.603	Economic Evaluation III	3
PH.313.604	Economic Evaluation IV	3
PH.318.603	Applied Microeconomics for Policymaking	3
Econometrics
PH.221.644	Econometric Methods for Evaluation of Health Programs	4
PH.221.651	Econometrics I	4
PH.309.720	Applied Econometrics for Health Policy Research	3
Advanced Statistical Analysis for Special Data Issues
PH.140.655	Analysis of Longitudinal Data	4
PH.140.656	Multilevel Statistical Models in Public Health	4
PH.140.665	Causal Inference in Medicine and Public Health II	3
PH.340.696	Spatial Analysis I: ArcGIS	3
PH.340.697	Spatial Analysis II: Spatial Data Technologies	2
PH.140.698	Spatial Analysis III: Spatial Statistics	4
PH.140.699	Spatial Analysis IV: Spatial Design and Application	3
PH.340.606	Methods for Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses	4
Informatics and Information Sciences
PH.309.635	Population Health: Analytic Methods and Visualization Techniques	3
PH.315.700	Health Information Systems: Design to Deployment	3
PH.315.703	Leading Change Through Health Informatics	3
PH.315.707	Introduction to Biomedical and Public Health Informatics	3
PH.315.708	Hit Standards and Systems Interoperability	3
Social and Behavioral Measurement Methods
PH.140.658	Statistics for Psychosocial Research: Structural Models	4
PH.330.657	Statistics for Psychosocial Research: Measurement	4
PH.410.615	Research Design in the Social and Behavioral Sciences	3
Epidemiologic Perspective on Research Design & Analysis
PH.340.682	Pharmacoepidemiology Methods	3
PH.340.722	Epidemiologic Inference in Public Health II	4
PH.340.769	Professional Epidemiology Methods	4
Design and Conduct of Population-Based Surveys
PH.140.640	Statistical Methods for Sample Surveys	3
PH.340.717	Health Survey Research Methods	4
PH.380.711	Issues in Survey Research Design	3
PH.380.712	Methods in Analysis of Large Population Surveys	3

Once students have completed all of the required and elective coursework, they must maintain a full-time registration (12+ credits each term) for the duration of their program. Students who have not yet passed the school-wide oral exam should register for 12 credits of PH.300.840 Special Studies and Research in HPM with their adviser to work on their thesis proposal. Once a student has passed the school-wide oral exam, they should register for PH.301.820 Thesis Research in Health Policy and Management.

General PhD Requirements

Department PhD Core Curriculum

All PhD students must complete the Departmental core courses. These courses are incorporated into the concentration requirements noted earlier. Students are also expected to take methods courses relevant to the field of their thesis research (e.g., courses in ethics, history, political science, economics, epidemiology, and/or advanced courses in biostatistics).

Course List

Code	Title	Credits
PH.300.721	Foundations in Health Policy I	2
PH.300.722	Foundations in Health Policy II	2
PH.300.723	Foundations in Health Policy III	2
PH.300.724	Foundations in Health Policy IV	1
PH.300.715	Advanced Research and Evaluation Methods in Health Policy	4
PH.300.870	The Research and Proposal Writing Process I	2
PH.300.871	The Research and Proposal Writing Process II	2
PH.306.665	Research Ethics and integrity: U.S. and International Issues	3
Total Credits		18

residency & COURSE DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS

The total number of course credits to be earned depends upon individual concentration requirements. But, to meet the Residency requirement, students must complete a minimum of 64 credits of didactic courses in four consecutive terms. When general and program-specific requirements total less than 64, the difference may be made up in electives. Thesis Research (820 series) may not be included in the count, but special studies earning credit that is part of a concentration's requirements only (840 series) are admissible.

The School's Policy and Procedure Memorandum (PPM) overseeing all PhD programs require that at least 18 credits of formal coursework must be completed outside the student's primary department. Among these 18 credit units, no fewer than three courses must be completed in two or more departments of the Bloomberg School of Public Health. The remaining outside credit units may be earned in any department or division of the University.

PhD students who have completed a master's program at the Bloomberg School of Public Health may apply 12 credits from that program toward this School requirement. Students must request this application of credits in a formal letter. Contact the HPM Office of Academic Affairs for further information.

FULL-TIME DOCTORAL REGISTRATION

The School and Department are firmly committed to full-time PhD doctoral education. The Department's policy required a full-time registration for the duration of the student's program. Students should register for a minimum of 16 credits per term during the first year of the program. This will fulfill the School's residency requirement of four consecutive terms of 16-credits each.

The Department strongly discourages PhD students from registering for more than 18 credits in any one academic term unless required by their concentration. Any decision to register for more than 18 credits should be carefully considered and discussed with the student's adviser prior to registering.

Once a student has completed all of their required or formal coursework, they must maintain a full-time 12 credit per term registration. Students who have not yet successfully passed the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam should register for special studies credits with their adviser while working on their thesis proposal. Once the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam has been successfully passed, students should register for thesis research credits.

qualifying exam

PhD students are eligible for the departmental qualifying exam upon successful completion of the first year-required courses while maintaining the minimum GPA requirement.  All students matriculating in September are expected to sit for the exam at the end of the first year. The exam is offered every June. The Academic Policy and Admissions Committee and the PhD Exam Committee will consider exceptions on a case-by-case basis. The HPM PhD Qualifying Exam Guidelines can be found on the HPM doctoral portal page.

Research hours

PhD students are required to engage in at least two research projects to understand different research approaches. While the Department encourages work within the department, students are free to pursue opportunities of interest throughout the School, University or off-campus.  
 
The research hours can involve participation in any of the following aspects of research, including, but not limited to: elements of research design (literature review and development of the conceptual framework of a study); community development and liaison activities; community needs assessment and its related social, epidemiological, behavioral, or political diagnosis; development and piloting of health interventions or materials; quantitative or qualitative data collection; data analysis and interpretation; policy analysis; literature reviews; manuscript preparation; grant preparation; and any other form of research approved by the adviser.  
 
Students are expected to engage in at least two different research tasks, which may be related to a single study or two separate studies. Up to 50% of the required hours can be accomplished through off -campus work, as long as the adviser has approved the work. A minimum of 300 hours total split over both projects should be used as a guideline.  
 
The research hours must be met prior to scheduling the Departmental Preliminary Oral Exam. The Department, through submission of the Research Hours Form to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs, will monitor completion of this requirement. The form is available on the HPM doctoral portal page.

TA EducationAL Experience

All PhD students are required to serve as a full-time teaching assistant (TA) for six courses while enrolled in the PhD program. The department strongly values this educational experience and believes that these skills are critical components to a PhD education.

The following restrictions apply to the experience:

• Only courses offered by the Department of Health Policy and Management can be used to meet the requirement.
• Courses must be for two or more credits offered during the traditional 8-week term or as part of the summer MPH curriculum.

Courses offered in an Institute (summer, fall or winter) may not be used to fulfill the requirement. 
 
PhD students may occasionally have primary instructor responsibilities in Johns Hopkins graduate or undergraduate courses while enrolled in the PhD program. In these situations, a student may request a one-for-one substitution to the TA requirement. Students requesting the substitution should submit a written request, including a copy of the course syllabus and letter of support from their adviser to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs.  
 
Online paperwork to confirm completion of this requirement must be submitted and approved by the course instructor prior to the start of the term in which the course is offered. The link  to the online form will be forward to an identified student by the HPM Office of Academic Affairs.

Student progress report

The Department is committed to assisting students make steady and timely progress through the PhD program. To facilitate this process, all PhD students are required to submit regular progress reports to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs. 
Students who have passed the written qualifying exam, but have not yet passed their School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam, must submit a progress report on December 1 and June 1 each year until they have passed their School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam. The report must be reviewed, discussed and approved by the student’s adviser prior to submission. 

Once a student has passed their School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam, a yearly progress report is submitted to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs until the program is complete. The progress report is due each year on June 1st. The report must be reviewed and discussed with the student's adviser prior to submission.

Preliminary Oral Exams

Departmental

The Departmental Preliminary Oral Exam takes place before the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam. The Departmental Exam may not take place until after the successful completion of the departmental qualifying exam. The format of the exam is similar to the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam and is intended to determine if the student is academically prepared to pass the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam and carry out independent research.

The exam requires the student to prepare a thesis proposal that will be examined by a committee. The HPM Departmental Preliminary Oral Exam committee consists of a minimum of three faculty members; one must be the student's adviser. A fourth alternative committee member should be identified and may choose to participate in the exam.

School-wide

The School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam takes place after the student has successfully completed the departmental qualifying exam and the Departmental Preliminary Oral Exam. The purpose of this examination is to determine whether the student has both the ability and knowledge to undertake significant research in their general area of interest.

The examiners will be concerned with the student's capacity of logical thinking, breadth of knowledge in relevant areas, and ability to develop and conduct research leading to a completed thesis. While the specific proposal serves as a vehicle for determining the student's general knowledge and research capacity, this examination is not intended to be a defense of a specific proposal. The student will be expected to defend the public health significance of the proposal as well as the methodologies use to evaluate the problem.

The exam should be taken at the earliest feasible time, before significant engagement in thesis research and must not take place until after the Departmental Oral Exam has been successfully passed. If the student fails the Preliminary Oral Exam and is permitted re-examination, they must be re-examined within one year.

thesis advisory committee

Within three months of passing the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam, every doctoral student must identify a thesis advisory committee. This committee, consisting of the student's adviser and at least two other faculty members from either inside or outside the Department, will meet with the student at minimum once a year until the student has graduated to evaluate the student's work and progress.

Each student is required to submit a written summary report to the advisory committee prior to the committee's meeting. This approved summary report will be submitted to the Department each June with the annual progress report.

Thesis Guidelines

All PhD students must complete an original investigation presented in the form of a thesis. The thesis must be based on original research, worthy of publication, and acceptable to the Department and to a committee of faculty readers. During the student's application process, various research ideas may have been discussed with faculty members. However, each student's thesis proposal must be developed, reviewed and found acceptable to Departmental faculty while enrolled as a doctoral student at the JHSPH.

PhD students in HPM have two options for the format of the thesis:

• The traditional doctoral thesis consists of a statement of the problem and specific aims; a literature review; data and research methods; analyses and results; and a discussion of findings and their implications. The form these will take reflect the specific academic discipline or orientation guiding the student's research.
• The manuscript-oriented thesis is an alternative to the traditional thesis. The manuscript thesis consists of a total of three (or more) papers, linked to the student's research topic.

The decision on which format to follow should be made at the time of the Departmental Preliminary Oral Exam. If, during the writing process, the student wishes to change formats, the student must seek approval for this change from his or her faculty adviser and thesis committee

The Department has developed the following guidelines to help a student determine which of these options is best for their particular research.  Students should discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each option with their adviser before determining a strategy.

Traditional Thesis Guidelines

The traditional doctoral thesis generally consists of an abstract, five chapters, references, and any appendices.  The outline of chapters below is merely a guide.  The page numbers are rough estimates, and the form of the chapters will vary, reflecting the academic discipline or orientation of the student's research.

• Abstract: The abstract is a short overall summary of the work. It lays out the purpose(s) and aims of the study, the methods, and the key results and implications. The abstract generally is 2-3 double spaced pages.
• Chapter I: Introduction: Statement of the problem and specific aims. This chapter, which tends to be relatively short (5-6 double spaced pages), provides an introduction to the thesis. It describes briefly why this work was undertaken, what background conditions or data suggested it was an important problem, and what, then, this project was intended to accomplish.
• Chapter 2: Literature Review. The literature review summarizes existing literature that informed the thesis research.  It generally is organized topically.  The literature review tends to be a fairly detailed review, particularly for those topics most directly related to the content and methods of the thesis. The literature review tends to be 30-60 page in length. 
• Chapter 3: Methods. The content of the methods chapter varies tremendously with the methodological approach taken by the student for the thesis research.  With traditional empirical studies, it will generally include the specific aims, research questions, and/or hypothesis; a description of the source of study data, a description of the study instrument and its development, if relevant; a description of secondary data obtained, if relevant; analytic methods, including data cleaning, creation of a data set, creation of variables and/or qualitative codes, types of analyses done; and human subjects issues. The methods chapter ranges from 20-40 pages. 
• Chapter 4: Results. The results chapter reports the main findings of the thesis. It often is organized by research question or specific aim or hypothesis, but need not necessity follow this format. The results chapter ranges from 25-50 pages. 
• Chapter 5: Discussion of results and policy implications. The discussion chapter both summarizes key findings and discusses findings in light of existing literature and in light of their policy implications.  Also included generally are a description of the study's limitations and implications for future research.  The discussion chapter is generally 25-50 pages. 
• References. A listing of all citations used for the thesis must be provided. The Department allows any standard format for references. 
• Appendices. Appendices can be used for many purposes. They can include study instruments, if relevant; they can include additional tables not included in the main body of the thesis; also to be included must be a copy of the student's CV. The traditional thesis should be able to 'stand alone' without appendices, however, so results should never be put in appendices that are key to the study's main findings. 

Manuscript-Oriented Thesis Guidelines

The manuscript thesis consists of the following:

• A total of three (or more) papers, linked to the student's thesis topic. One of these papers may be a literature review, providing a comprehensive critical review, if it is suitable for publication.
• A chapter that integrates and discusses the findings reported in the manuscripts. It should include a discussion of the conclusions of the research, and should make recommendations for further studies.
• An appendix outlining in detail the study methods and any accompanying data tables necessary to understand the data. 

A manuscript-oriented thesis must also meet the following criteria:

• The PhD student must be the first author on the three manuscripts used to satisfy this requirement;
• No manuscript will be accepted as part of the thesis if it was submitted for publication before the student passes the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam; and,
• Co-authors should be determined based on the criteria for authorship developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

Role of Faculty adviser

The adviser's role is to facilitate successful completion of the doctoral thesis.  Students should refer to the HPM policy for advising for general guidelines about the frequency of meetings between advisers and students during the thesis research and writing period. The type of assistance provided should be tailored to the individual student's needs.  Both the traditional thesis and the manuscript-oriented thesis must reflect work that is the student's independent and original work.  The adviser can and should provide ongoing and critical feedback, but the research must be that of the student. 

Even if the adviser (or another committee member) serves as a co-author on a manuscript, the manuscripts must be viewed first and foremost as fulfilling the student's needs in the thesis process, with publication as a secondary goal.  advisers or other committee members who are co-authors may not undertake the first draft of any portions of the manuscripts nor substantial re-writes. Whether an adviser will be co-author on any manuscript should be decided early in the thesis writing process. 

Thesis Approval

PhD advisers must provide official approval of the final draft of a student's thesis prior to dissemination to the other members of the Final Oral Examination Committee. A signed Thesis Approval Form must accompany each copy of the thesis distributed. Students should provide the final copy of the thesis to the readers at least four weeks prior to the Final Oral Examination.

Thesis Readers and Final Examination Committee

Paperwork to establish the formal final examination committee is submitted by the Department to the Office of Records and Registration at least one month in advance of the final defense.  

Final Public Seminar and Closed Oral Defense of Thesis

A formal, public seminar and closed oral defense of the thesis before a committee of the faculty is one of the final steps for a PhD candidate. The public seminar and oral thesis defense are typically held on the same day with the seminar being conducted first, followed immediately by the closed defense before the approved final exam committee.

The public seminar generally lasts approximately 45 minutes and the closed defense generally lasts approximately 90 minutes. Members of the Final Oral Examination Committee are required to attend both the seminar and the closed defense. The Office of Records and Registration will post the final defense date and location in the Public Health calendar. Students are strongly encouraged to attend the public seminars of their fellow students whenever feasible.

The Final Oral Examination Committee judges all components of the thesis to be either: Acceptable, Acceptable with Revisions, or Unacceptable. This is the case for both a traditional thesis and a manuscript-oriented thesis. Students, with guidance from their adviser, will rework their thesis until all components are judged Acceptable.

Taking the Final Oral Examination and receiving an unconditional pass does not release the student from further responsibilities to complete the degree requirements. All students must stay continually registered until the degree requirements have been completed, including the thesis acceptance letters and electronic submission of the thesis to the Sheridan Library. Once everything has been submitted, the student will be reported to the Committee on Academic Standards and be considered complete.

Online Submission of Thesis to Sheridan Library

• ETD Electronic Submission
• Formatting Instructions
• Sheridan Library contact: dissertations@jhu.edu
• Publication Embargo: Students are allowed to choose an embargo period of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 years during the ETD submission.  This means that the Sheridan Library will withhold publication of the thesis for the period of time chosen. The Sheridan Library does make some details of the thesis public (student name, degree, thesis title, abstract) during the embargo period, bu the actual thesis is hidden from view. 
• The Department of Health Policy and Management does not require submission of an electronic or paper copy of the final thesis document to the department. However, students must forward the thesis acceptance confirmation from the Sheridan Library to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs to certify completion of all program requirements. 

HPM PhD Program Policies

HPM PhD Student Work Space

The Department provides shared student office space for full-time PhD students in Hampton house. Each full-time PhD student in the Department will have access to a workstation and a locked drawer file cabinet in one of the identified shared office spaces. The workstation is not dedicated to an individual student; those using the office would select a station that is available when they use the space (similar to a parking lot). Any materials that the student wishes to leave in the office must be locked in their assigned file cabinet.

The HPM Office of Academic Affairs will evaluate student workspace yearly. Incoming students will be assigned keys at orientation. Upon graduation, students must return the key to the Sr. Academic Coordinator in order to be certified for graduation. Students are responsible for both the room and file cabinet keys. Lost keys should be reported to the Sr. Academic Coordinator immediately; replacement keys are subject to a $10 replacement fee.

Note: Students working as Research Assistants on a funded grant which requires analyses of restricted/confidential data may be eligible for other office space arrangements. Faculty responsible for projects in this category must submit formal requests to the HPM Administrator stating the needs for individual space.

HPM Grant Proposal Submission Process

Most sources of funding for doctoral education require the submission of a formal grant proposal. HPM works closely with students in submitting these proposals and managing the award if and when it is awarded.

If a student is considering submitting a grant proposal, they must contact the Department's Grants and Contracts Analyst who will work with them on the application process. All application/proposals that are submitted to external funding agencies must be reviewed and approved by the Office of Research Administration (ORA). The department requires that all application materials be submitted a minimum of 8 business days before the grant due date. Students should seek guidance from the Grants and Contracts Analyst for specific due dates.

Once a grant has been submitted, the student must be available by e-mail or phone at least 72 hours after submission in case any questions arise.

Satisfactory Academic Progress

Students must meet minimum academic standards to remain in the PhD program. A student's failure to meet any of the criteria below is grounds for being placed on academic warning and/or being dismissed from the program.

Any student enrolled in the PhD program in HPM that does not obtain the minimum 3.0 GPA by the end of the 4th Term of Year 1 will not be permitted to advance to the written qualifying exam. In this situation, the concentration director and student advisor, in consultation with the HPM Student Matters Subcommittee, will determine the appropriate course of action.

HPM Policy on Course Waivers

When a similar course was completed in a previous graduate program at an institution other than Johns Hopkins, the student must first discuss a waiver request with one's advisor and then submit a formal written request with documentation justifying the request to their Concentration Director. The documentation must include an explanation how the content is repetitive of material already taken and a copy of the course syllabus and transcript showing the grade received, the textbook used and the course format (semester, term, in-person, or online) should be noted. The decision for granting approvals for a waiver request is at the discretion of the Concentration Director in conjunction with the course faculty and will be communicated in writing to the student.

When a course requirement has been met through a previous Johns Hopkins graduate degree, the student should discuss with their advisor and program director advanced options in that content area or options in other content areas that would be appropriate for the student's degree and career plans.

If a course is waived, or the course requirement has been met through a previous JHU graduate degree, students must still maintain an appropriate credit load for that term(s) to meet the full-time registration requirement for all course content when sitting for the qualifying and subsequent oral exams.

Students who want to waive the Epidemiology and/or Biostatistics courses must pass the waiver exam.

HPM Guidelines for PhD Student Employment

HPM PhD students are permitted to work more than 19.99 hours per week during each academic term when the work opportunity is well-aligned with their degree program and will not interfere with their role as full-time students. Those wishing to work more than 19.99 hours per week must obtain written approval from their academic/thesis advisor and program director documenting how the additional work beyond 19.99 hours aligns with their program and progress in the program.

Approval or disapproval by the advisor and program director will be based on the student's stage and performance in their program, any policies or requirements specific to the student's source of funding, and the nature of the additional work.

International students under limited circumstances may be able to work more than 19.99 hours but the work must be related to the student's program and approved in advance by OIS before increasing the student's work hours.

During periods of academic non-enrollment, (i.e. summer, spring, winter break), student employees may work up to 40 hours per week.

HPM IRB Approval

The JHSPH Institutional Review Board (IRB) Office is charged with assuring that human subject research studies conducted in the school comply with internal school policies and external regulations designed to protect human subjects.

Most of this process, which can often seem arbitrary and excessively time-consuming, is a direct result of the School's obligation to comply with the regulations implemented by the federal Office for Human Research Protections in the Department of Health & Human Services.

Any student who plans to do human subject research must have IRB approval before working with human data or samples and/or before contacting human subjects. "Human Subjects Research" is broadly defined to include any activity involving living humans that seeks to test a hypothesis or answer a scientific question. This can include both secondary data analysis as well as research involving direct contact with subjects.

Students cannot submit their own IRB protocol; instead, the advisor or other faculty member must agree to serve as the Principal Investigator on the protocol submitted to IRB. This means that they accept the full responsibility for compliance with IRB requirements. Since the student can help prepare the application, it is to their advantage to understand as much about the process and issues so that the protocol can move smoothly and quickly through the system. The best way to ensure a rapid review is to prepare the protocol so that it answers all of the questions the JHSPH IRB Office is required to ask.

Once a student has passed the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam, they should immediately consult the IRB website and specifically review the Student Manual document that is posted on that page and follow the instructions within.

All doctoral students are required to submit the "Thesis Research Documentation Form" within three months of passing the School-wide Preliminary Oral Exam. This for requires the signature of the HPM Senior Academic Coordinator in addition to the student and advisor prior to submission. Forms should be submitted to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs who will forward the completed form to the appropriate school office. Forms submitted directly to the school office without a departmental signature will not be accepted.

HPM Policy on Data Use Agreements

There may be situations where access to data for the thesis requires a Data Use Agreement (DUA) with the holder of the data. Typically, the need for a DUA is identified during the IRB review process. If the review identifies the need for a DUA (and the holder of the data does not already have a DUA template), the student will be provided with a template for the DUA to complete. Any questions regarding DUAs should be directed to the HPM's Department Administrator.

HPM Extension Request for Completion of Degree Requirements

The School's PPM governing the PhD program requires students to defend their thesis within seven years of matriculation. Failure to meet this deadline necessitates the submission of an extension request by the student to both the Department and the School before they are permitted to continue in the program.

A request for an extension of time to complete the degree must be submitted at least two months prior to the conclusion of the 7th year in the program and may not exceed four terms.

The request is first submitted to the HPM APAC Student Matters Subcommittee for review, and if approved, is forwarded to the Student Matters Subcommittee of the School's Committee on Academic Standards (CAS). All requests must include the following information or will not be considered:

• A letter of request, initiated and signed by the student, stating the rationale for the request
• A supporting letter signed by the advisor
• Timetable and plan developed by the student in collaboration with the student's advisor and members of the thesis advisory committee that provide specific milestones from completion; agreement to this plan should be indicated in writing by member(s) of the thesis advisory committee
• A (student) copy of the current transcript
• If the HPM APAC Student Matters Subcommittee approves the request, a supporting letter from the Department will be included in the request that is forwarded to the school for final approval.

If the extension is granted, the student and advisor, in cooperation with the HPM Office of Academic Affairs, must provide evidence of progress at intervals determined by the applicable school subcommittee, not to exceed 90 days, toward satisfying the milestones specified in the plan for completion. Failure to meet the specified milestones according to the prescribed timetable for completion may result in further action. Requests for a second extension beyond that of the initial extension are taken very seriously by the Department and CAS and require extension documentation.

PhD Program Competencies

HPM PhD Departmental Competencies

Upon successful completion of the PhD program in Health Policy and Management, students in each of the four concentrations will have mastered the following core competencies; specifically, students by the end of the program will have the ability to:

• Analyze the nature, scope and key determinants of major health policy problems by applying conceptual frameworks from key academic disciplines, formulating testable hypotheses, and identifying appropriate interventions based on an understanding of the existing evidence base.
• Critique the policymaking process, including the underlying roles of legislation, regulation, litigation, and advocacy; the differences between federal, state, and local policies; and the influence of academic research in the policy formulation and evaluation processes.
• Assess the organization and financing of both public health and medical services and critique their impact on access and use, quality of care, costs, and outcomes.
• Apply appropriate rigorous empirical methods to the evaluation of health policy, including a well-rounded foundation of  the methods and tools of public health, such as biostatistics, epidemiology, and survey design.
• Communicate scientific findings effectively through written and oral methods to technical and lay audiences, demonstrating and ability to interpret study results in light of study limitations and prior research.
• Conduct research in accordance with the highest ethical standards, scientific integrity, and interpersonal collegiality.

Concentration in Bioethics and Health Policy Competencies

The competencies for the PhD Concentration in Bioethics and Health Policy are met through required and elective coursework, independent research, and the process of writing a thesis. Upon successful completion of the concentration, students will have mastered the following concentration competencies; specifically, students will have the ability to:

• Recognize moral problems in public health practice, research and health policy, and identify which ethical principles or foundational ethical theories are at stake and potentially in tension.
• Analyze moral problems in public health practice, research and health policy, identify and communicate morally compelling lines of argument that may include: building on existing ethical frameworks, further specification of an existing framework or ethical principle; further specification of an ethical norm or formulating a novel ethical norm.
• Use relevant literature from moral and political philosophy and public health ethics in analyzing moral problems in public health practice, research, and health policy.
• Identify when, why, and how empirical scholarship can make a contribution to bioethics and how data can be relevant to normative analysis.
• Conduct independent empirical scholarship that can advance the understanding of a moral problem in public health practice, policy or research.
• Construct public policy arguments informed by the analysis of empirical and normative scholarship in bioethics.

Concentration in Health Economics and Policy Competencies

The competencies for the concentration in Health Economics and Policy are met through required and elective coursework, independent research, and the process of writing a thesis. Upon successful completion of the concentration, students will have mastered the following concentration competencies; specifically, students will have the ability to:

• Apply key concepts in microeconomic theory, including how the behavior of individual households and firms affects the market supply and demand of goods and services and how market failures arise under certain circumstances.
• Analyze key theoretical concepts in health economics, including the underlying determinants of health, patient demand for healthcare services, and the organization and financing of healthcare services, with an emphasis on critiquing the effects of alternative forms of financing and organizing healthcare services on cost, quality, access and overall public health.
• Apply key concepts in applied econometrics, including both sophisticated empirical models for healthcare utilization, expenditures, and health outcomes and various rigorous empirical approaches that emphasize causal inferences for policy analysis.
• Conduct original, independent research in the field of health economics; testing innovative ideas through study design, selection and application of appropriate analytic methods and data; interpretation of results; and both written and oral dissemination of findings.

Concentration in Health and Public Policy Competencies

The competencies for the concentration in Health and Public Policy are met through required and elective coursework, independent research, and the process of writing a thesis. Upon successful completion of the concentration, students will have mastered the following concentration competencies; specifically, students will have the ability to:

• Demonstrate how to identify, describe, and analyze a public health problem, and recommend an appropriate policy solution to address it (e.g., legislative, regulatory, judicial, organizational).
• Describe the steps of the policymaking process, including problem identification, policy formulation, implementation, analysis, and evaluation.
• Critically compare and apply theories of the policy process to the study of public health problems.
• Identify the major institutions, sectors, and stakeholders involved in the policymaking processes at the global, federal, state, and local levels.
• Critically analyze research literature and identify gaps for further inquiry.
• Recognize and use the appropriate research methods to design a public health policy study.
• Effectively translate and disseminate public health policy research, in both oral and written forms, to policymakers, key stakeholders, and the public.

Concentration in Health Services Research & Policy Competencies

The competencies for the concentration in Health Services Research and Policy are met through required and elective coursework, independent research, and the process of writing a thesis. Upon successful completion of the concentration, students will have mastered the following concentration competencies; specifically, students will have the ability to:

• Examine classic studies and current development in the field of health services research, including issues relating to quality of care, patient safety, comparative effectiveness, patient-centered outcomes and implementation science.
• Integrate and critique theoretical and empirical literature in the formulation of an original and significant health services research and policy research question with clear and testable hypothesis.
• Evaluate the strengths and weakness of experimental, quasi-experimental and observational study designs and select the most appropriate design for a specified research question.
• Identify, evaluate and determine the most suitable data sources to address a specified research question (data sources may include existing data collection protocol utilizing quantitative or qualitative methods).
• Select and implement appropriate analytic techniques from advanced epidemiological, statistical, economic, and qualitative or survey methods (including structured systematic review and meta-analysis, causal modeling, multivariable linear and logistic regression, general linear models, longitudinal and multi-level modeling, and cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses) to address a specified research question. 

CEPH-Defined Introductory Public Health Learning Objectives

The PhD program includes coursework that has been approved to meet the Introductory Public Health Learning Objectives required by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH) for academic programs.